The most common method uses a small tiling noise PNG or SVG applied as a background overlay with low opacity. CSS filters, SVG feTurbulence, and canvas-generated noise offer more dynamic approaches. The noise is typically subtle — just enough to add texture without obscuring content.
Noise reduces the artificial smoothness of digital gradients, prevents colour banding on screens, and creates a warmer, more physical feel. It references analogue media — film grain, printed paper, riso textures — lending digital interfaces a crafted, tactile quality.